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LOU OTTENS


LOU OTTENS
LOU OTTENS

Lodewijk Frederik Ottens was a Dutch engineer and inventor, best known as the inventor of the cassette tape, and for his work in helping to develop the compact disc. Ottens was employed by Philips for the entirety of his career. 

Born: 21 June 1926, Bellingwolde, Netherlands

Died: 6 March 2021, Duizel, Netherlands

Movies: Cassette: A Documentary Mixtape

Who invented cassette player?

Lou Ottens

Every Walkman singalong, every road trip compilation, every mixtape to a crush or healing from a breakup or just the thrill of cranking up a boombox – it all goes back to Lou Ottens, the inventor of the humble but world-changing cassette tape. Ottens died March 6 at age 94 in his hometown of Duizel in the Netherlands.

What is the meaning of cassette tape?

Also called cassette tape . a compact case containing a length of magnetic tape that runs between two small reels: used for recording or playback of audio or video in a tape recorder, cassette deck, video camera, or VCR, and for storage of data by some small computer systems. See also audiocassette, videocassette.

When was the cassette player invented?

1963

A pioneer in the tech / music world

Invention of audio cassette

After World War II, he attended the Delft University of Technology, graduating in 1952 and landing a job with Philips that same year. The compact cassette was introduced in 1963 and became a staple in the music industry.

In 1963, he introduced the first cassette tape at the Berlin Radio Show electronics fair, which superseded the cumbersome reel to reel systems used until that time. The following year, the name ‘Compact Cassette’ was trademarked.

Invention of audio cassette

After making a deal with Sony, Ottens’ design then became the standard cassette used across the globe despite competition from imitators. An estimated 100 billion have since been sold.

Mr. Ottens, the head of product development at Philips’s electronics factory in Hasselt, Belgium, told his team they needed to develop an audio device that was smaller, cheaper and easier to use than the reel-to-reel tape recorder.

As a result, they invented the cassette tape, a compact, plastic-encased sound machine that helped democratize music, making it easier for millions of people to hear, record and share songs. In its wake, Mr. Ottens became affectionately known by his peers as the brilliant engineer who – fortunately for everyone else – just couldn’t work a reel-to-reel.

With blank cassettes, listeners could record their favorite songs from the radio or from vinyl records, creating the first mix tapes – on literal magnetic tape – decades before digital playlists were shared on streaming services such as Spotify.

 Internet outages never stopped the music, although listeners did face occasional analog issues, such as having to wind the tape with a pencil when the cassette got stuck.

The tapes also were used to record telephone messages, books, early hip-hop songs and moments of artistic inspiration, as when Rolling Stones guitarist Keith Richards drowsily hit “record” on his Philips cassette player one night and woke up to hear “Satisfaction,” along with “forty minutes of me snoring.”

The end result ultimately measured 12 cm (4.75 inches) across, although Mr. Ottens would have preferred it half a centimeter smaller, according to the Dutch newspaper NRC Handelsblad.

His wife of 46 years, Margo van Noord, died in 2002. In addition to his daughter Arine, survivors include two other children, Nelly and Jan Ottens; four grandchildren; and a great-granddaughter.

Mr. Ottens retired in 1986 and later said he had little affection for cassette tapes, even as hipsters and millennials helped reignite sales, with British music labels launching an international Cassette Store Day – inspired by Record Store Day – to promote the format as a throwback alternative to vinyl, CDs and streaming.

“The cassette is history,” he told Time magazine in 2013

How are cassettes made?

Cassette tape is coated with magnetic particles, either iron oxide or chromium oxide. These particles are shaped like tiny needles, about 400 million per inch. Next, the particles are mixed with binder and-under extreme dust-free conditions-transferred onto wide rolls of polyester plastic film.

How long will cassette tapes last?

30 years

When properly cared for, your audio cassette tapes have a lifespan of 30 years. However, many factors can shorten that lifespan considerably. By this time, you’ve probably done the math. It has been almost 40 years which means your cassette tapes could be at risk.

How do I know if my cassette is worn?

The metal head of the playback machine will invariably lead to a wearing of the magnetic tape and eventually, the tape will become worn. If you playback the tape using a high quality playback machine, whether audio or video and you hear or see distortion, drop out, missing flecks, then the tape is worn out.

How many types of cassette tapes are there?

four

Since then, the four cassette tape types were known as IEC I, IEC II, IEC III and IEC IV. The numerals follow historic sequence in which these types were commercialized, and do not imply their relative quality or intended purpose.

How many times can you record over a cassette tape?

You can record a cassette an unlimited amount of times. The limiting factor is the physical wear of the tape, which on good decks will last a very very long time provided you keep things clean. The physical wear part is one issue -the other is imperfect erasure.

Can you record over any cassette tape?

Basically yes, you can certainly record over old cassettes.  Often when you reuse a magnetic tape there is a remnant of the previous music remaining behind the new recording.

Which way do you put in a cassette tape?

Compact cassettes usually come with two sides: “Side 1 and 2” or “Side A and B”. Starting with preferred side (eg. Side 1 or A), make sure it is facing you and insert your cassette tape with magnetic tape side, facing down, into the deck, and close deck.

Cassette tape album sales in the US grew by 23 percent in 2018, according to tracker Nielsen Music, jumping from 178,000 copies the previous year to 219,000.

Despite being the unsung hero of the music world, Ottens’ career was not without its frustrations.

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